|
This page lists solutions for
ending poverty. We have prioritized them in order of
effectiveness and cost effectiveness based on
estimations of their effects directly upon standard
of living and indirectly via each other. The
calculations are shown in full
here.
There are two categories specific and general. The
results were, in order as follows;
Specific Most Cost Effective
-
Skilled attendance,
clean delivery, and postpartum care.
-
Sanitation.
-
Antenatal Care.
-
Universal access to
sexual and reproductive health information and
services and protection of reproductive rights.
-
Domestic Water Supply.
-
Nutrition for infants,
pregnant women, and nursing mothers.
-
Hygiene education.
-
Indoor residual
spraying for anti-malaria.
-
Counseling on
contraception and birth spacing.
-
Universal access to
contraception.
-
Nutrition for
undernourished children under five.
-
Addressing Hidden
Hunger.
-
Improve access to
essential medicines and health care.
-
Insecticide-treated
bednets for anti-malaria.
-
Emergency obstetric
care.
-
Artemisinin
combination treatment for malaria.
-
Nutrition for school
going children.
-
Security for girls and
women from violence.
-
Neonatal integrated
package.
-
Integrated management
of childhood illness plus immunization.
I
-
Antiretroviral
therapy.
-
Skilled attendance,
clean delivery, and postpartum care.
Presence of trained and registered midwives, or
doctors at birth with ability to diagnose and
refer emergent complications as well as
postpartum care (including counseling on
nutrition, family planning, and parenthood
skills).
-
Sanitation.
Construction and operation of sanitation
facilities (simple pit latrines, ventilated
improved pit latrines, septic tanks, flush
toilets, and the like), including emptying of
pits and safe disposal of sullage. Targeted
awareness-building measures accompanying the
provision of new sanitation infrastructure to
ensure the informed choice of technology options
and proper use by all household members.
-
Antenatal Care.
Routine care during pregnancy,
including preventive and curative interventions
such as blood pressure and weight monitoring,
treatment of infections, nutrition, and smoking
counseling, intermittent preventive treatment
for malaria, and antiretrovirals for
HIV-positive women to prevent mother-to-child
transmission of HIV.
-
Universal access to
sexual and reproductive health information and
services and protection of reproductive rights.
(Service packages described under health
interventions above.) Legislation and awareness
campaigns to protect the rights of individuals
and couples to plan their families; to ensure
access to sexual and reproductive health
information and services; to discourage early
marriage (at ages posing health risks), female
genital mutilation, and other traditional
harmful practices; and to expand access to safe
abortions (where permitted by law) and review
the legal status of abortion in order to improve
public health while respecting national
sovereignty, cultural values, and diversity.
-
Domestic Water Supply.
Provision and operation of infrastructure for
water supply (such as standpipes, boreholes. dug
wells, or rainwater harvesting), including water
treatment as necessary.
-
Nutrition for infants,
pregnant women, and nursing mothers.
Promotion of mother-and baby-friendly community
incentives, including exclusive breastfeeding
for the first 6 months and complementary feeding
with continuing breastfeeding for infants ages
7-24 months. HIV-positive mothers should use
replacement feeding when it is acceptable,
feasible, affordable, sustainable, and safe.
Provision of sufficient calories, protein, and
micronutrients to pregnant women and nursing
mothers, supported by nutrition extension
workers and using locally produced food to the
extent possible.
-
Hygiene education.
Awareness campaigns (in primary schools, through
community-based organizations, media and so on)
to promote hygienic behavior, with particular
focus on hand washing and personal hygiene, as
well as appropriate use of sanitation facilities
and safe water storage.
-
Indoor residual
spraying for anti-malaria. Periodic
spraying of indoor surfaces with insecticide to
reduce malaria transmission.
-
Counseling on
contraception and birth spacing.
Information and education on benefits and
methods of family planning and birth spacing;
appropriate follow-up on method satisfaction,
consistent and correct use of method, and
options for appropriate method switching.
-
Universal access to
contraception. Program to ensure
universal access to family planning choices,
including effective modern contraceptive method,
and to guarantee reliably available and
affordable supplies and choice among methods.
-
Nutrition for
undernourished children under five.
Complementary feeding, including fortified and
blended foods with take-home rations supported
by nutrition extension workers.
-
Addressing Hidden
Hunger. Reduction of vitamin A and
iron, zinc and iodine deficiencies by increasing
the production and consumption of
micronutrient-rich foods, particularly local
fruits, vegetables and livestock products,
iodized salt, and fortified foods from local
products such as (India Mix); special attention
to nutrition needs of the above groups and
people living with HIV/AIDS; support to research
on biofortification of food.
-
Improve access to
essential medicines and health care.
-
Interventions to ensure
availability, affordability, and appropriate
use. Incentives to direct research and
development processes toward appropriate
medicines for developing countries;
establishment of national essential
medicines lists (including preventive,
curative, and reproductive health
commodities, equipment, and supplies);
ensuring reliable procurement and
distribution systems; prequality quality
suppliers and procurement and distribution
facilities; monitoring systems to assure
drug quality; elimination of user fees for
essential medicines; and programs to improve
the way drugs are prescribed, dispensed, and
used, including public media campaigns and
education of providers.
-
Multiple interventions to
strengthen health system. Human resource
training and salary enhancement, improving
management capacity, enhancing monitoring
and evaluation, strengthening quality
control, strengthening medical information
systems, increasing capacity for research
and development, enhancing community demand,
and improving infrastructure.
-
Insecticide-treated
bednets for anti-malaria. Provision of
antimosquito bednets that are treated with
insecticide, providing a physical and chemical
barrier to mosquitoes, shortening the mosquito's
life span, and thus reducing the incidence of
malaria.
-
Emergency obstetric
care. Rapidly accessible treatment for
delivery copmlications such as eclampsia,
hemorrhage, obstructed labor, and sepsis.
Emergency obstetric care requires functioning
referral systems and well equipped and staffed
district hospitals.
-
Artemisinin
combination treatment for malaria.
Combination of drugs used to treat
first-line-drug-resistant falciparum malaria,
which is now widespread in Africa.
-
Nutrition for school
going children. Provision of balanced
school meals with locally produced foods at
primary and secondary level.
-
Security for girls and
women from violence. Legislation and
administrative actions to protect women against
violence, promotion of awareness of women's
right to seek redress, protection from
perpetrators of violence (through access to
shelters, services, and so on), and mechanisms
to dispense justice to perpetrators.
-
Neonatal integrated
package. Clean delivery, newborn
resuscitation, prevention of hypothermia,
kangaroo care (skin-to-skin contact),
antibiotics for infection, tetanus toxoid,
breastfeeding education (including education on
replacement feeding for HIV-positive mothers),
and hygiene education
-
Integrated management
of childhood illness plus immunization.
Integrated approach to reduce child morality,
illness, and disability, which includes both
preventive and curative elements to address
leading causes of child morality such as oral
rehydration therapy and antibiotics for
diarrheal disease, antibiotics for acute
respiratory infection, care for measles,
antimalarials for malaria, and nutritional
supplements for malnutrition plus immunization.
-
Antiretroviral
therapy.
Combination drug therapy to treat AIDS.
Specific Most Effective
-
Domestic Water Supply.
Provision and operation of infrastructure for
water supply (such as standpipes, boreholes. dug
wells, or rainwater harvesting), including water
treatment as necessary.
-
Sanitation.
Construction and operation of sanitation
facilities (simple pit latrines, ventilated
improved pit latrines, septic tanks, flush
toilets, and the like), including emptying of
pits and safe disposal of sullage. Targeted
awareness-building measures accompanying the
provision of new sanitation infrastructure to
ensure the informed choice of technology options
and proper use by all household members.
-
Improve access to
essential medicines and health care.
-
Interventions to ensure
availability, affordability, and appropriate
use. Incentives to direct research and
development processes toward appropriate
medicines for developing countries;
establishment of national essential
medicines lists (including preventive,
curative, and reproductive health
commodities, equipment, and supplies);
ensuring reliable procurement and
distribution systems; prequality quality
suppliers and procurement and distribution
facilities; monitoring systems to assure
drug quality; elimination of user fees for
essential medicines; and programs to improve
the way drugs are prescribed, dispensed, and
used, including public media campaigns and
education of providers.
-
Multiple interventions to
strengthen health system. Human resource
training and salary enhancement, improving
management capacity, enhancing monitoring
and evaluation, strengthening quality
control, strengthening medical information
systems, increasing capacity for research
and development, enhancing community demand,
and improving infrastructure.
-
Nutrition for school
going children. Provision of balanced
school meals with locally produced foods at
primary and secondary level.
-
Nutrition for infants,
pregnant women, and nursing mothers.
Promotion of mother-and baby-friendly community
incentives, including exclusive breastfeeding
for the first 6 months and complementary feeding
with continuing breastfeeding for infants ages
7-24 months. HIV-positive mothers should use
replacement feeding when it is acceptable,
feasible, affordable, sustainable, and safe.
Provision of sufficient calories, protein, and
micronutrients to pregnant women and nursing
mothers, supported by nutrition extension
workers and using locally produced food to the
extent possible.
-
Universal access to
sexual and reproductive health information and
services and protection of reproductive rights.
(Service packages described under health
interventions above.) Legislation and awareness
campaigns to protect the rights of individuals
and couples to plan their families; to ensure
access to sexual and reproductive health
information and services; to discourage early
marriage (at ages posing health risks), female
genital mutilation, and other traditional
harmful practices; and to expand access to safe
abortions (where permitted by law) and review
the legal status of abortion in order to improve
public health while respecting national
sovereignty, cultural values, and diversity.
-
Hygiene education.
Awareness campaigns (in primary schools, through
community-based organizations, media and so on)
to promote hygienic behaviour, with particular
focus on hand washing and personal hygiene, as
well as appropriate use of sanitation facilities
and safe water storage.
-
Water management.
Construction and operation of water storage
infrastructure for drinking water supply,
agricultural water use, and hydropower;
extension of large-scale water harvesting.
Protection and allocation of water resources to
agricultural, domestic, and industrial uses, as
well as environmental needs based on
comprehensive assessment of renewable and
non-renewable water resources.
-
Universal access to
contraception. Program to ensure
universal access to family planning choices,
including effective modern contraceptive method,
and to guarantee reliably available and
affordable supplies and choice among methods.
-
Neonatal integrated
package. Clean delivery, newborn
resuscitation, prevention of hypothermia,
kangaroo care (skin-to-skin contact),
antibiotics for infection, tetanus toxoid,
breastfeeding education (including education on
replacement feeding for HIV-positive mothers),
and hygiene education
-
Integrated management
of childhood illness plus immunization.
Integrated approach to reduce child morality,
illness, and disability, which includes both
preventive and curative elements to address
leading causes of child morality such as oral
rehydration therapy and antibiotics for
diarrheal disease, antibiotics for acute
respiratory infection, care for measles,
antimalarials for malaria, and nutritional
supplements for malnutrition plus immunization.
-
Agrodealer networks.
Fostering the emergence of local agrodealers who
would sell off fertilizers, seeds for
agroforestry, green manure, water management
equipment, and improved seeds; redeem smart
vouchers; and receive training from extension
workers.
-
Counseling on
contraception and birth spacing.
Information and education on benefits and
methods of family planning and birth spacing;
appropriate follow-up on method satisfaction,
consistent and correct use of method, and
options for appropriate method switching.
-
Access to property
rights and work. Provision and
enforcement of equal opportunity legislation and
legislation promoting gender-sensitive policies,
such as provision of maternity and dependent
care leave and training, and support programs
for women entrepreneurs and young girls training
to transition to work (including care centers
for young children to ensure early childhood
development). Legislation and administrative
support to provide and protect women's equal
rights to property and other inherited and
acquired assets.
-
Access to credit.
extension of the formal banking system and
provision of microcredit services.
-
Antiretroviral
therapy.
Combination drug therapy to treat AIDS.
-
Investments in soil
health.
Combinations of mineral fertilizers,
agroforestry (use of trees to replenish soil
nutrients), green manures, cover crops, return
of crop residues, and soil erosion control, as
appropriate, depending on soil characteristics,
partly finances by market oriented smart
vouchers to food-insecure farmers.
-
Demand side incentives
for education. Elimination or reduction
of school fees, conditional cash transfers to
parents, school feeding (and take-home food
rations where needed), school health programs
such as deworming and iron supplementation,
targeted subsidies to girls, and vulnerable
populations such as ethnic groups or HIV/AIDS
orphans, provision of school material such as
textbooks and uniforms, and so on.
-
Insecticide-treated
bednets for anti-malaria. Provision of
antimosquito bednets that are treated with
insecticide, providing a physical and chemical
barrier to mosquitoes, shortening the mosquito's
life span, and thus reducing the incidence of
malaria.
-
Indoor residual
spraying for anti-malaria. Periodic
spraying of indoor surfaces with insecticide to
reduce malaria transmission.
-
Artemisinin
combination treatment for malaria.
Combination of drugs used to treat
first-line-drug-resistant falciparum malaria,
which is now widespread in Africa.
General Most Effective
-
Improve Water Supply and
Sanitation
-
Improve Nutrition
-
Improve Transport
-
Improve Access to Essential
Medicines and Health System
-
Improve Gender Equality
-
Improve Primary and
Postprimary Education
-
Improve Sexual and
Reproductive Health
-
Improve Energy Services
-
Increase Agricultural
Productivity
-
Improve Links to Farmers'
Markets
-
HIV/AIDS Prevention and
Treatment
-
Improve Child Health
-
Reduce Malaria
-
Improve Maternal Health
The interventions listed were
taken from [1] (see reference 1 below).
|
